After the start of the commercial production of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDC) as the raw material of PEN by the hands of US Amoco Chemical Co. in 1995, the trial of application of PEN resin to molding product field started, and this resin came to be used in various fields. Teijin Group started the research and development of PEN resin in 1964, 31 years precedential to the above event, and it has continuously been engaging without a break in the development of application of the resin to molding material, biaxially-oriented film, and fibrous material. As early as 1971, we commercialized PEN film, and developed a new process for raw material synthesis. It is not an exaggeration to say that the history of PEN development by Teijin is the history of PEN all over the world.
PEN is crystalline thermoplastic polyester with the skeleton chain of polycondensation product composed of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid as an acid component and ethylene glycol as a glycol component. It is manufactured in the same way as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as typical polyester, and injection molding processing is also performed in the same way. However, the performance of PEN is evaluated one rank higher than that of PET. Although PEN is originally crystalline resin, crystalline velocity is slow, and transparent molding product can easily be obtained. For this reason, this resin is utilized as functional members for industrial parts, food packaging, medical product packaging, etc.
| <Features of PEN resin> |
|---|
| (1) Transparency is good. |
| (2) Temperature of deflection under load is high and heat resistance is excellent. |
| (3) Gas permeation and water permeation are very low. |
| (4) Chemical resistance and hydrolysis resistance are very strong. |
| (5) Flavor adsorption is little. |
| (6) With UV ray screening performance, enveloped contents are protected. |
| Characteristics | Test Method | Unit | PEN Homopolymer TN8065S |
PEN Homopolymer TN8050SC |
PET |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specific gravity | ASTM D792 | - | 1.33 | 1.33 | 1.33 |
| Melting point | DSC method | ℃ | 265 | 265 | 252 |
| Tensile strength | ASTM D638 | MPa | 74 | 74 | 55 |
| Flexural strength | ASTM D790 | MPa | 94 | 94 | 88 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | |
| Impact strength (Notched) | ASTM D256 | J/m | 39 | 29 | 29~49 |
| Deflection temperature under load | ASTM D648 | ℃ (4.6kgf/cm2) |
109 | 109 | 63 |
| Molding Shrinkage | ASTM D955 | % | 0.4~0.8 | 0.4~0.8 | 0.4~0.8 |
The heat resistance of a stretch-blow bottle is shown in the following Figure.
The stretch- blow bottle has about 100°C of heat resistance.
| Condition | O2 | CO2 | H2O | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEN (homopolymer) |
Non-stretched | 18 | 59 | 15 |
| Stretched | 5.9 | 24 | 7 | |
| PET | Non-stretched | 53 | 263 | 60 |
| Stretched | 23 | 105 | 21 |
Conditions: Stretching ratio; 3.5 × 3.5, Measurement temperature; 30°C
Unit: O2, CO2: cc·100 μm/m2/24hr/atm, H2O: g·25 μm/m2/24hr
| Chemicals | Chemicals | Chemicals | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitric acid 10% | OK | Sodium hydroxide 1% | OK | Toluene | OK |
| Sulfuric acid 99% | Bad | Sodium hydroxide 10% | OK | Xylene | OK |
| Hydrochloric acid | OK | Saturated aqueous ammonia | OK | Phenol | Bad |
| Acetic acid | OK | Hydrogen peroxide | OK | THF | Bad |
| Formic acid | Bad | Ethyl alcohol | OK | Glycerin | OK |
| Citric acid | OK | Methyl alcohol | OK | Grease | OK |
| Ethyl acetate | OK | Acetone | OK | Motor oil | OK |
| Butyl acetate | OK | Benzene | Bad | Gasoline | OK |


Prior to injection molding or extrusion molding, drying of the material is necessary. If drying is inadequate, hydrolysis occurs during melting, and inherent characteristics cannot be obtained.
Dryer: Dehumidification dryer, Drying temperature: 160°C, Drying period: 6 hr
Meanwhile, excessively high temperature or long-time drying gives adverse effects on the hue of molding product.
Since this resin has high melting point and high melt viscosity, molding should be performed with due consideration of melting characteristics.
Cylinder temperature: 280-310°C
Mold temperature: 15-60°C